Feb 1 2025

Annuity or Lump Sum

Many people with a retirement plan are asked to choose between receiving lifetime income (also called an annuity) and a lump-sum payment to pay for their day-to-day life after they stop working. An annuity provides a lifetime steady stream of income while a lump sum is a one-time payment.

Because this decision will affect your financial future, here is some information to help you make an informed choice. Deciding which option works best for you takes careful consideration because there are many factors to think about, such as your health, cost of living, assets and savings, and any other income you may have.

Why is this important?

Your employer may ask you to choose between an annuity and lump sum. For example, your employer may ask you to make this choice (1) if you change jobs, (2) when you stop working, or (3) even after you have begun to receive monthly annuity payments.

When making this decision, explore the benefits and risks because whichever option you choose will affect your financial future.

What are the benefits and risks?

 AnnuityLump Sum
Benefits-You will receive a steady income for the rest of your life, like keeping a part of your paycheck for life
-You may be able to provide a lifetime income to your spouse or to another beneficiary		-You can use the money to pay off large debts
-If you don’t spend all of the lump sum, you can pass it on as an inheritance
Risks-Annuities may give you less financial flexibility and may not pay benefits to your survivors
-If you are in poor health, an annuity may not provide enough money to cover medical bills		-You may outlive your retirement funds
-It’s your responsibility to manage the money to provide you

Factors you should consider:

  • Your health (and your spouse’s)
  • Your investment skills (and your spouse’s), and how they may change as you age
  • Your living expenses (now and future)
  • Your savings (and your spouse’s)
  • Other steady income (Social Security, pensions from other employers)
  • Debt (mortgage, car, credit cards, student loans, child support payments)
  • Taxes on the annuity or lump sum

For more information, click here.

Teaching Suggestions:

  • Ask students what type of annuity would best fit their financial situation and what payout option would they choose.
  • Ask students to discuss all of their possible options with an insurance agent.

Discussion Questions:

  1. Why should you consider your health in making a choice between an annuity and a lump sum payment?
  2. What are the possible benefits and risks of making “annuity versus lump sum” decision in your own financial situation?
Jan 18 2025

DYNAMIC PRICING

As you read this, prices are changing and can vary several times today. Dynamic pricing makes use of machine learning and artificial intelligence to determine changes in the costs of goods and services.

Setting prices for a product of service is an economic art to ensure a profit from the sale of each item. However, a fair price as perceived by customers is also necessary for attracting repeat sales.

Dynamic pricing differs from price gouging, which involves exploitation often because of a natural disaster (hurricane, tornado, earthquake). When an extreme need for water, food, batteries and other necessities exists, a business may radically raise prices on those items: that’s price gouging and is prohibited in many states.

Examples of dynamic pricing include:

  • Online retail prices can vary several times during a day. These variations are based on supply, demand, prices charged by competitors, the season, and clicks for an item.  The price may also vary if purchased on your phone or on your computer.
  • Fast-food businesses and other restaurants may adjust prices based on customer tracking data, demand and peak times.  Dynamic pricing can encourage customer visits on less popular days and slow times.  A backlash can occur when customers know they are being charged more during lunch than at other times of the day.
  • Ticket prices for sporting events, concerts, and Broadway shows in great demand are often higher than other events.
  • Airlines are a major user of dynamic pricing. Weekend airfares are often more expensive than weekdays as are holiday travel prices.  The fare can vary by day, location, weather, and other factors.  Flexibility of travel dates, checking online sites at different times, and viewing online calendars provided by airlines can result in savings.  
  • In addition, dynamic pricing is used by hotels, local stores, supermarkets, gas stations, car rental companies and others.

In the future, expect companies to continue to use technology to change prices many times each day. Consumers need to be smarter, shop around, and be diligent. Bottom of Form

For additional information on dynamic pricing, click here.

Teaching Suggestions

  • Have students monitor prices several times over two weeks to determine changes in an item in a store or online.
  • Have students identify online sites and apps that monitor prices to assist consumers in getting the best prices for various items.

Discussion Questions 

  1. What factors commonly affect price changes for items you buy regularly?
  2. Describe actions a person might take to get the best prices.   
Jan 4 2025

PERSONALITY HIRES AND MAD SKILLS

Hiring managers often seek candidates who enhance the work environment to reduce on-the-job stress. A “personality hire” is an employee with strong interpersonal skills who strengthens relationships among clients, customers, and coworkers. They also enhance the work culture, boost morale, and contribute to a productive job setting.

Personality hires are offered positions based on their likeability. During the interview, a sense of humor and enthusiasm can overcome experience limitations. An ability to enhance relationships within the organization and get along with anyone is viewed very favorably. Possessing personality skills does not have to be mutually exclusive of technical ability. An ideal candidate will have both job competency and be the right cultural fit.

Traditional hires sometimes resent the personality hire, who is viewed as inexperienced or too sociable for the work setting.  Also, introverts who contribute to a positive environment and high morale may be overlooked for promotions and advancement.

Another job search factor that can be to your benefit are “mad skills,” which are unusual hobbies and experiences. Examples of these rare soft skills might include knowing an indigenous language or participating in a sport played in ancient times.

Mentioning these items during a job interview can help a person stand out from other applicants while also bringing something new to an organization that no one else has, resulting in a more diverse talent pool. Obtained as an entrepreneur, through volunteering, hobbies, travel, or sports, mad skills can reflect a person’s desire for professional development or an ability to quickly make decisions in a crisis.

Hiring managers still recommend only listing hobbies and other interests on a resume if they relate to the job for which you are applying. Mad skills might not be mentioned until an appropriate time during the interview. While soft skills and technical ability are still the foundation for obtaining employment, mad skills can be a decisive factor in the hiring process.

For additional information on personality hires and mad skills, go to:

Link #1

Link #2

Link #3

Teaching Suggestions

  • Have students talk to others to learn about successful interview actions they have used.
  • Have students create a video or other visual (poster or slide presentation) with tips for success in a job interview.

Discussion Questions 

  1. What actions are you taking to better prepare your skillset for a career?
  2. Describe hobbies or experiences you have that might enhance your success on the job?
Dec 21 2024

How to recover from identity theft

   You hoped the day would never come when you learned someone used your personal information to open new credit accounts in your name. But it did. So now what? Act fast. It can help reduce the damage identity theft can cause. Here’s how to get started.

Step 1: Call the companies where you know fraud occurred.

  • Call the fraud department. Explain that someone stole your identity.
  • Ask them to close or freeze the accounts. Then, no one can add new charges unless you agree.
  • Change logins, passwords, and PINs for your accounts.

Step 2: Place a fraud alert and get your credit reports — even if you already have a credit freeze in place. (If you haven’t frozen your credit, do that, too.) When you have a fraud alert on your credit report, a business has to verify your identity before it opens a new credit account in your name. A fraud alert lasts one year, but you can renew it.

  • Place a free, one-year fraud alert by contacting one of the three credit bureaus. That company must tell the other two.
  • To get your report, call Annual Credit Report at 877-322-8228, or go to AnnualCreditReport.com. Federal law gives you the right to get a free copy of your credit report every 12 months from each of the three nationwide credit bureaus. The three bureaus also let you check your credit report once a week for free at AnnualCreditReport.com. Review your reports. Looks for accounts or transactions you don’t recognize.

Step 3: Report identity theft to the FTC. You’ll get a free personal recovery plan with next steps.

  • To report in English, go to IdentityTheft.gov
  • To report in Spanish, go to RobodeIdentidad.gov
  • If you’re more comfortable reporting in another language, call 877-438-4338 and press 3 to report in your preferred language. Interpreters are available from 9:00am – 5:00pm ET.

For more information, click here.

Teaching Suggestions:

  • List the steps you should take to prevent an identity thief to steal your personal information.
  • Ask students to get their free credit report from Annual Credit Report, or call 877-322-8228. Review your reports to look for accounts or transactions you don’t recognize.

Discussion Questions:

  1. If someone has stolen your identity, what are the three actions you must take immediately?
  2. What is the difference between a credit freeze and a fraud alert?
Dec 7 2024

RENT-TO-OWN A CAR

For people who can’t qualify for a conventional auto loan or leasing, rent-to-own may be an option. This financing plan allows a person to rent a car with a portion of the payment going toward the purchase of the vehicle. 

The main benefits of a rent-to-own program for buying a car are no credit checks along with the opportunity to own the vehicle at the end of the rental term.  However, several drawbacks of this car-buying option usually include:

  • a higher total cost for the vehicle than for other used cars because of mark-ups for paying over time
  • requirement of a down payment
  • no warranty on the vehicle
  • more frequent payments, usually weekly or bi-weekly instead of monthly; this increases the chance of a late payment
  • may be charged a fee for late payments
  • ownership does not occur until payments are completed

Also beware of an early termination fee, which may be in the rent-to-own contract. If the car needs many repairs before the completion of payments, you might decide to end the rental. This action might result in loss of your down payment and other charges. 

Another option for a person with a poor credit history is a subprime loan; however, this would have a higher rate and result in paying several thousand dollars more in interest over the loan term. Instead of a rent-to-own car deal, become a credit union member, which may allow you to obtain an auto loan at a more favorable interest rate.  

For additional information on rent-to-own car programs, click here.

Teaching Suggestions

  • Have students talk to others to learn about actions they took to finance the purchase of a car.
  • Have students research current rates for financing a car purchase.

Discussion Questions 

  1. Why might a person avoid using a rent-to-own car buying option?
  2. Describe actions for avoiding a rent-to-own car buying option.   
Nov 23 2024

Do you have enough home insurance?

Could you rebuild if a tornado or fire destroys your home? Some experts say half of all homes may not have enough insurance. Here are tips to make sure you have the right amount of coverage.

1.    Find out what it would cost to rebuild your home.

This is not the same as the real estate price, or market value. The rebuilding cost is based on what kind of home you have and local construction costs. The rebuilding cost is sometimes called replacement cost. Your insurance agent can help find out your rebuilding cost.

2.    Your insurance coverage should match the rebuilding cost.

You can find your policy limits on the front page of the policy or ask your agent. If the amount is lower than the estimate to rebuild, you may need to make changes.

3.    Check your insurance coverage regularly.

Check your coverage when you renew your policy each year. You should also talk to your insurance agent if you remodel or make upgrades. A new deck, garage, or kitchen can increase the cost to rebuild

For more information, click here.

Teaching Suggestions:

  • Have students research special types of property and liability insurance.
  • Have students talk to an insurance agent or claim adjustor to determine the type of documentation required for a claim settlement.
  • Ask students to obtain additional information on home insurance from the Insurance Information Institute or other online sources.

Discussion Questions:

  1. Why is it important to check your insurance coverage regularly?
  2. What type of insurance coverage is more important, property or liability?  Explain.
Nov 9 2024

EXTREME COUPONING

With high and increasing grocery costs, coupons can save you money. Extreme couponing involves going beyond an ordinary clipping of coupons to create a plan to use coupons from multiple sources to maximize savings.

To take advantage of these savings, consider these actions:

  • Know the main coupon types. Retailer coupons may only be used at the store for which they were issued. Manufacturer coupons are issued for use when buying the product of a specific company. Try to use both types for one purchase for items on sale to achieve the greatest savings.
  • Locate coupons. In addition to traditional coupon sources (newspaper inserts, in-store flyers, store receipts, in the mail, on product packages, local coupon books), obtain coupons through apps, websites, email promotions, and loyalty, and frequent buyer programs.
  • Be aware of store policies. As you plan a coupon strategy, check for any retailer restrictions, such as the number of the same type of coupon you can use per day or if they accept competitor coupons.
  • Organize your coupons. An extreme couponing strategy requires time, effort, and planning. Review your shopping list and identify the stores where you would get the best deal on each item. You may plan a different shopping list for different stores. Sort coupons based on expiration dates. A digital coupon may allow use of the same coupon multiple times at different stores or on different dates.

Be sure to avoid two common couponing mistakes: (1) Compare prices at various stores and brands; the store brand of an item may give you a better value than a name brand item with a coupon. (2) Don’t buy things you don’t need or won’t use just because you have a coupon; use a shopping list to stay within your budget.

In addition to coupons, apps available to save money when shopping include:

  • Ibotta provides cashback offers on selected products.
  • Fetch earns points that are redeemable for gift cards.
  • PayPal Honey offers discounts when making online purchases.
  • RetailMeNot has cashback offers when shopping at over 1,200 retailers.
  • Groupon offers discounts on various services, attractions, and activities.
  • Capital One Shopping provides price alerts, coupons, and price comparisons.
  • Krazy Coupon Lady allows access to many coupon sources and current best deals.

For additional information on extreme couponing, go to:

Link #1

Link #2

Teaching Suggestions

  • Have students talk to others who have used coupons to obtain suggested wise shopping tips.
  • Have students create a visual proposal (poster, slides, video) with coupon shopping ideas and other wise buying tips.

Discussion Questions 

  1. What are the benefits and drawbacks of using an extreme couponing strategy?

In addition to coupons, what are some shopping actions for saving money?

Oct 26 2024

Ascend Ecom: AI-Powered Fake Business Opportunity

The Federal Trade Commission  (FTC) has filed a lawsuit against an online business opportunity scheme that it alleges has falsely claimed its “cutting edge” AI-powered tools would help consumers quickly earn thousands of dollars a month in passive income by opening online storefronts. According to the complaint, the scheme has defrauded consumers of at least $25 million.

The scheme is run by William Basta and Kenneth Leung, and it has operated under a number of different names since 2021, including Ascend Ecom, Ascend Ecommerce, Ascend CapVentures, ACV Partners, ACV, Accelerated eCom Ventures, Ethix Capital by Ascend, and ACV Nexus.

According to the FTC’s complaint, the operators of the scheme charge consumers tens of thousands of dollars to start online stores on ecommerce platforms such as Amazon, Walmart, Etsy, and TikTok, while also requiring them to spend tens of thousands more on inventory. Ascend’s advertising content claimed the company was a leader in ecommerce, using proprietary software and artificial intelligence to maximize clients’ business success.

The complaint notes that, while Ascend promises consumers it will create stores producing five-figure monthly income by the second year, for nearly all consumers, the promised gains never materialize, and consumers are left with depleted bank accounts and hefty credit card bills. The complaint alleges that Ascend received numerous complaints from consumers, pressured consumers to modify or delete negative reviews of Ascend, frequently failed to honor their “guaranteed buyback,” and unlawfully threatened to withhold the supposed “guaranteed buyback” for those who left negative reviews of the company online.

As a result of the FTC’s complaint, a federal court issued an order temporarily halting the scheme and placing it under the control of a receiver. The FTC’s case against the scheme is ongoing and will be decided by a federal court.

The Commission vote authorizing the staff to file the complaint was 5-0. The complaint was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California.

For more information, go to:

FTC Announces Crackdown on Deceptive AI Claims and Schemes | Federal Trade Commission

Teaching Suggestions:

  • Create a list of factors to consider when investing in “passive” income business opportunities.
  • Ask students to make a list of alternative methods of investing in “passive” income businesses.
  • Have students recommend situations where it would be appropriate to invest in alternative investments.

Discussion Questions:

  1. Why did the Federal Trade Commission file a lawsuit against Ascent Ecom?
  2. Why do you think the corporate defendants use different names, such as, Ascend Capventures, ACV Nexus, Ethics Capital by Ascent, etc.?
  3. Does Ascend Ecom’s business opportunity seem genuine to you?  Explain your answer.
Oct 12 2024

ZOMBIE MORTGAGES AND PIGGYBACK LOANS

Homeowners are being surprised with collection notices for amounts from ten or twenty years ago. Zombie mortgages are unpaid home loans that a homeowner thought had been discharged or foreclosed. This situation is usually the result of an incomplete or improper foreclosure process. Or the homeowner vacated the property believing it had been foreclosed.

These zombie mortgages often resulted from piggyback loans taken out previous to the 2008 financial crisis but also occur from any old, unpaid mortgage. A piggyback mortgage, also known as an 80/20 loan, is two loans in one – a primary loan for 80 percent of the purchase price, and a second loan for the other 20 percent. This allowed a homebuyer to finance 100 percent of the purchase.

When home values declined, many buyers were not able to make payments on one or both loans, resulting in foreclosure proceedings. Since many lenders stopped contacting borrowers, the homeowners assumed their loans were written off and no longer owed…until recently!! Now, lenders and debt collectors are attempting to collect on these loans.

Consider these actions to avoid difficulties associated with a zombie mortgage. Be informed about your mortgage situation and foreclosure status. Obtain legal guidance to finalize foreclosure proceedings. Communicate with the lender to confirm proper completion of foreclosure processes and to verify mortgage records for any unresolved issues. Finally, obtain assistance from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau at https://www.consumerfinance.gov/

For additional information on zombie mortgages, go to:

Link #1

Link #2

Teaching Suggestions

  • Have students search online for additional information on zombie mortgages and piggyback loans.
  • Have students create a podcast that communicates the dangers associated with a zombie mortgage.

Discussion Questions 

  1. What situations can result in a zombie mortgage?
  2. Describe actions a person might take to avoid a zombie mortgage.   
Sep 28 2024

Most Frequently Impersonated Companies

New data from the Federal Trade Commission shows that Best Buy/Geek Squad, Amazon, and PayPal are the companies people report scammers impersonate most often.

A newly released data spotlight shows that consumers in 2023 submitted 52,000 reports about scammers impersonating Best Buy or its Geek Squad tech support brand, followed by about 34,000 reports about scammers impersonating Amazon. PayPal was the third-most impersonated company with about 10,000 reports from consumers.

When it comes to the amount lost, though, consumers reported losing far more money to scammers impersonating Microsoft and Publishers Clearing House than any other companies. Consumers reported losing a total of $60 million to Microsoft impersonation scams and $49 million to Publishers Clearing House impersonation scams.

The FTC recently finalized its new rule on government and business impersonation, which gives the agency stronger tools to combat and deter scammers who impersonate government agencies and businesses, enabling the FTC to file federal court cases seeking to get money back to injured consumers and civil penalties against rule violators.

The spotlight also outlines the most common forms of payment people reported scammers used to steal money in 2023. Scammers requested a variety of payment methods, including cryptocurrency and bank transfers, which were the top methods used by investment scammers, according to the data spotlight. Other frequently reported payment methods included payment apps or services and gift cards. The top payment apps and services people reported paying with were PayPal, CashApp and Zelle, while the most reported gift cards were Apple and Target.

For More Information, click here.

New FTC Data Shed Light on Companies Most Frequently Impersonated by Federal mmission

Teaching Suggestions

  • Ask students if they or their friends have had any experience with scammers impersonating well-known companies. If so, what actions were taken to ward off the scammers?
  • Ask students to prepare a list of actions they might take if a scammer approaches them.

Discussion Questions

  1. Why are Best Buy or its Geek Squad, Amazon, and Pay Pal the most impersonated companies?
  2. What can local, state, and federal regulatory agencies do to protect consumers from these impersonators?
  3. What should you do if you are targeted by an impersonator/scammer?