Author Archives: Melissa Hart

Nov 15 2014

3 Simple Steps to Check Up on Your Mutual Funds

By using three simple steps, you can evaluate when to buy, and when to sell mutual fund shares.

This short article describes three simple steps that investors can use to monitor the value of their fund investments.

Step 1:  Go to www.morningstar.com or look up funds via the Kiplinger fund finder tool at www.kiplinger.com, and check out 1-year, 5-year, and 10-year returns.

Step 2:  Compare your fund’s performance with the average returns for similar funds or with an appropriate benchmark like the Russell 2000 index for small company stock funds.

Step 3:  If your fund’s performance doesn’t match up with similar funds or with a specific fund benchmark, dig deeper to see if the fund managers have changed their strategy or if there are reasons why the fund is a poor performer.

While the above steps can identify funds that you may want to sell, the same three steps can also help you identify funds that you want to hold or even buy more shares in a top performing fund.

For more information go to http://www.kiplinger.com/article/investing/T041-C009-S002-3-simple-steps-to-check-up-on-mutual-funds.html

Teaching Suggestions

You may want to use the information in this blog post and the original article to:

  • Explain how easy it is to use the Internet to obtain information from Morningstar, Kiplinger, and other sources that can help investors evaluate a fund’s performance.
  • Discuss ways investors can monitor the value of fund investments.

Discussion Questions

  1. How can a fund’s performance help you determine if you want to sell shares or buy more shares in a fund?
  2. Why should investors examine a fund’s performance over different time periods?
  3. In addition to performance, what other factors should be considered when evaluating a fund investment?
Nov 12 2014

Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP)

Did you know that Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) offer free or low cost health coverage for eligible children and other family members? Medicaid and CHIP cover:

  • Children and teens up to age 19
  • Young people up to 21 may be covered under Medicaid
  • Youth who have “aged out” of foster care can be covered under Medicaid until they reach age 26

Children may be eligible based on their family income.  Eligibility depends on your income, the number of people in your family and the rules in your state. In almost every state, children in families with income up to 200 percent of the federal poverty level ($47,700 per year for a family of four) are covered. In more than half the states, the income eligibility for children can be even higher.

Eligible children and teens can get regular check-ups, shots, doctor and dentist visits, vision care, hospital care, mental health services, needed medications and more.  All preventive services for children are available at no cost.

For more information, go to

http://www.insurekidsnow.gov/chip/index.html

Teaching suggestions

  • Ask students how can they find a health care provider (doctor, dentist or pharmacist) in their area who accepts Medicaid or CHIP?
  • Is there a special enrollment period for Medicaid or CHIP?
  • How can you apply for Medicaid and CHIP?

Discussion Questions

  1. Can working parents who may not have health coverage through their jobs cover their children under the CHIP program?
  2. Who can apply for Medicaid or CHIP for a child?

 

Nov 8 2014

Is That Health Insurance Website for Real?

Shopping for health insurance online?  Before making your final purchase – read on.  Health insurance scams have been preying through websites selling medical discount plans.

According to the complaint in a recent case FTC settlement, IAB Marketing Associates, LP et al. , was a sham nonprofit trade association offering memberships suggesting it would provide consumers with a comprehensive medical insurance plan. Here’s how it worked: people shopping for health insurance online would come across websites quoting prices for health insurance plans once they entered their personal information. The websites acted like collection baskets: they asked for contact information, age, occupation, marital status-and whether folks had health insurance or pre-existing medical conditions. IAB telemarketers then called people who provided their information on these websites and used aggressive tactics to sell IAB memberships. As long as people paid upfront fee and made monthly payments – both ranging from $40 – $1,000 – they were promised a comprehensive health insurance plan that covered virtually every medical procedure and illness

Or so they thought.

The truth? According to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), consumers never were enrolled in a comprehensive health insurance plan. The IAB plan was essentially a medical discount plan, offering, if it existed, limited discounts and reimbursements on visits to certain doctors or hospitals. Many consumers who suffered an accident or illness were shocked to find that their IAB “health plan” covered very few, if any, medical expenses, leaving them with major medical bills.

For additional information go to:

http://www.consumer.ftc.gov/blog/health-insurance-website-real

Teaching Suggestions

  • Ask students why they should research a company before providing their personal information.
  • Where can students file a complaint if they suspect a health insurance scam?

Discussion Questions

  1. How can consumers protect themselves from such scams?
  2. Should consumers provide personal information on the web?
Nov 5 2014

Discount Plans for Health Insurance?

Looking for health insurance? Make sure that’s what you’re buying, or you could find yourself on the hook for big medical bills with no way to pay them.

That’s because what sounds like affordable health insurance may be a medical discount plan instead.  Medical discount plans can help some people to save money on their health care costs, but discount plans aren’t health insurance.

Although some medical discount plans provide legitimate discounts, others take your money and offer very little in return.  The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and its state law enforcement partners also have found that dishonest marketers selling these plans have tried to make people think they’re selling health insurance, or have lied about what their plans really offer.

If you buy a health insurance plan, it generally covers a broad range of services, and pays you or your health care provider for a portion of your medical bills. If you buy a medical discount plan, you generally are paying for a list of providers and sellers who may be willing to offer “discounts” on some of their services, products or procedures. Medical discount plans don’t pay your health care costs.

“Discounts of up to 70%”–but how often will you save that much? Savings with discount plans typically are a lot less. When you consider a discount plan’s monthly premiums and enrollment fees, there may be no “discount” at all.  What’s more, if you have major health problems or an emergency, you will have to cover most, or all, of the bills if you don’t have health insurance.

For additional information go

http://www.consumer.ftc.gov/articles/0165-discount-plan-or-health-insurance

Teaching Suggestions

  • Ask student how they should react if they are pressured to sign up quickly or miss out on a “special deal”.
  • Why is it important to check with your state insurance department, your state Attorney General, and your Better Business Bureau before signing up for such discount plans?

Discussion Questions

  1. Why medical discount plans are not health insurance plans?
  2. Do medical discount plans pay for your health care costs?
Nov 1 2014

Be Smart About Your Smartphone

You just bought the latest Smartphone.  You loaded all your favorite apps–online banking, GPS, even an app to track your health.

But now your phone is full of information about you–how much money you have, where you are and whether you’ve gained a little weight.  Your information can cause problems if it’s in the wrong hands.  Want to protect it?  These tips are for you:

  • Set you phone to lock automatically. When you don’t use the phone for a few minutes, the phone should automatically lock itself and require a password to reopen.
  • Use passwords for your phone. In addition to a password to unlock your phone, use a different passwords for each shopping or financial app. Don’t share your passwords with anyone.
  • Be wise about Wi-Fi. Don’t send personal information on a public wireless network in a coffee shop, library or hotel. Wait until you can use an encrypted Wi-Fi network that requires a password.
  • Foil phishing attempts. Don’t text or email personal information, and delete any texts or email messages that ask for it. If you must give out personal information, do it only if you type in the organization’s web address yourself and you see signs that the site is secure–either “https” (the “s” stands for secure) or a lock icon.
  • Connect to Bluetooth carefully. Bluetooth makes it easier for you to connect your phone with other devices. But, like other wireless connections, Bluetooth also can make it easier for thieves to steal your personal information. So, connect to Bluetooth in private, uncrowded areas only. Don’t forget to turn off Bluetooth when you are not using it.

Now you are ready to start using your new phone, right? Before you toss your old Smartphone,  remove all your personal information.  It’s important to protect your personal information from the moment you start using your phone until you get rid of it.

For additional information go to

http://www.ncpw.gov/blog/be-smart-about-your-phone

http://www.consumer.ftc.gov/articles/0272-how-keep-your-personal-information-secure

Teaching Suggestions

  • Ask students how they get rid of all the personal and financial information stored in their mobile devices.
  • Why is it important to use strong passwords with your mobile device, laptop, credit, bank, and other accounts?

Discussion Questions

  1. Why is it important to protect your personal information from the moment you start using your phone until you get rid of it?
  2. What steps should you take to remove personal information before discarding your mobile device?
Oct 29 2014

Medicare & You 2015: What’s Important in 2015?

In September 2014, millions of Americans received a 152-page booklet from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, called Medicare & You 2015.  It doesn’t have much of a plot, but it might be the most important reading for seniors or their adult children.  Here is what’s important in 2015:

  • Stay healthy with Medicare-covered preventive services. Medicare pays for many services that can prevent or detect health problems early when they are easier to treat.  Ask your health care provider what services you need.
  • Keep track of your personal health information. Access your personal health information using Medicare’s Blue Button.  This information can help you make more informed decisions about your care and can give your healthcare providers a more complete view of your health history.
  • Continue to get help in the prescription drug coverage gap. If you reach the coverage gap in your Medicare prescription drug coverage, you’ll quality for some savings on generic and brand-name drugs.
  • Find out what you pay for Medicare (Part A and Part B). The 2015 Medicare premium and deductible amounts were not available at the time of printing.  To get most up-to-date cost information, call 1-800-Medicare.

For additional information go to

http://www.medicare.gov/Publications/Pubs/pdf/10050.pdf

Teaching Suggestions

  • Ask students to choose a current issue of Money, Consumer Reports, Kiplinger’s Personal Finance, and summarize an article that updates Medicare’s programs for 2015.
  • Ask student where they can find other ways to get Medicare information and compare the quality of plans and health care providers.

Discussion Questions

  1. What factors should senior citizens consider in making the choice among various types of Medicare, medigap, or HMO health care insurance policies?
  2. What services are not covered by Medicare?
Oct 25 2014

Stop Debt Collector’s Empty Threats

Calls from debt collectors can add to the stress of having financial problems.  When these calls involve harassment, threats and intimidation, the situation can get worse–especially if you don’t know your rights

In 2014, the Federal Trade Commission filed a complaint against National Check Registry for violating the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act by using outrageous and intimidating methods to get people to pay debts immediately, often debts that were in dispute.  The company will tell the victims that they had committed check fraud or another crime and threatening them with lawsuits, garnishments, arrest or imprisonment if they don’t pay within 12 or 24 hours.

According to the FTC complaint, National Check Registry has no authority to make arrests or seek other criminal punishments for failure to pay these debts.

For additional information go to

http://www.consumer.ftc.gov/blog/stop-debt-collectors-empty-threats

Teaching Suggestions

  • Ask students what actions are commonly recommended if a person has difficulty making credit payments.
  • Ask students to outline the actions they should take when they receive phony debt collection calls.

Discussion Questions

  1. Are debt collectors allowed to discuss your debt with anyone other than you, your spouse or your attorney?
  2. What can you do if you think that a debt collector has violated your rights?
Oct 22 2014

The SEC Mutual Fund Cost Calculator: A Tool for Comparing Mutual Funds

“Fees and expenses are an important consideration in selecting a mutual fund because these charges lower your returns.”

One of the common complaints from fund investors is that they don’t understand the different types of mutual fund fees.  And they are often surprised how fees can substantially lower their returns on fund investments.

This article provides basic information on fund fees and how they lower returns.  It also provides a link to the FINRA (Financial Industry Regulatory Authority) Mutual Fund Expense Analyzer.  By entering a fund’s ticker symbol, you can compare fees and performance for different funds.  And if you don’t know the fund’s ticker symbol, you can also search by using the fund name or key words.

For more information go to http://www.sec.gov/investor/tools/mfcc/mfcc-int.htm

Teaching Suggestions

You may want to use the information in this blog post and the original article to

  • Stress how fees and charges lower an investor’s return on a fund investment.
  • Illustrate how to use FINRA’s Mutual Fund Expense Analyzer.

Discussion Questions

  1. Why should load charges, management fees, and other charges be considered when evaluating a mutual fund?
  2. Use FINRA’s Mutual Fund Expense Analyzer to evaluate the Fidelity Small Cap Growth Fund (Symbol – FCPGX) and the Vanguard 500 Index Fund (Symbol – VFINX). Which fund had the highest fees and sales charges?  Which fund had the highest return over the 10-year period?  Note:  You will need to access the Mutual Fund Expense Analyzer through the SEC link at  http://www.sec.gov/investor/tools/mfcc/mfcc-int.htm.
Oct 18 2014

The Perils of Penny Stocks

“The best way to avoid penny stock scams is to do independent research.” 

This article underscores the importance of researching penny stocks before investing.  Too often, the lure of “big” profits encourages people to invest without researching penny stocks.  Simply put, they don’t do their homework.

According to this article, a good place to obtain research information about penny stocks is the Security and Exchange Commission website (www.sec.gov).  By examining a company’s 10-K annual report, 10-Q quarterly report, and Form 8-K filings, in which companies report material events.

The article also warns investors about email promotions about penny stocks that are more hype than reality.  For example, Paul Allen, a 65-year old retiree from Boston,  received a flood of emails about a company called Vapor Hub International suggesting that shares of the e-cigarette company were about to take off.  He invested and quickly lost 80 percent of his investment.  And there are many more examples where investors–especially investors with limited funds and little experience buying and selling stock–often lose all or a large portion of their investment.

For more information go to http://www.kiplinger.com/article/investing/T052-C008-S002-the-perils-of-penny-stocks.html

Teaching Suggestions

You may want to use the information in this blog post and the original article to

  • Remind students that there is no substitute for research when picking any stock–especially penny stocks issued by small companies without a proven track record.
  • Tell students to remember the old adage “if it sounds too good to be true, it probably isn’t true.”

Discussion Questions

  1. Most investors know the risks involved when they invest in penny stocks. Still, they invest their money.  Why do you think they choose penny stocks?
  2. Assume that you are considering an investment in Vapor Hub International. What information could be used to evaluate this penny stock?  Where would you get this information?
Oct 15 2014

Here’s How to Become a 401k Millionaire

“If your job offers you a 401k or similar retirement plan, you’ve got one of the very best investment tools at your disposal.”

To become a 401k millionaire, all you need is a paycheck, reasonable options in your retirement plan, and time.  This article also explains that once you start putting money into the plan, the tax-deductible investments grow and are tax-deferred until you begin to withdraw money from your 401k account.  As an added bonus, your employer may match all or part of the money you contribute to your 401k account.

A very useful table that shows how many years it will take for you to become a millionaire based on how much you (and your employer) invest each month with different rates of return is also included in this article.  And there are also suggestions for increasing the amount that you save or invest in a 401k account or other savings or investment accounts.

For more information go to http://www.fool.com/retirement/401k/2014/09/27/heres-how-to-become-a-401k-millionaire.aspx

Teaching Suggestions

You may want to use the information in this blog post and the original article to

  • Stress the importance of beginning an investment program sooner rather than later.
  • Discuss ways to save the money needed to start an investment program.

Discussion Questions

  1. Why is it important to begin saving and investing sooner rather than later?
  2. Assume you (and your employer) invest $250 a month in your 401k account. How long will it take for you to become a millionaire if your investments earn annual returns of 10 percent?  (Note:  Using the table in the article, the answer is 35.5 years.)